DEFINITION
Immunotherapy is used to stimulate the immune system against cancer. For example, a vaccine composed of antigens derived from tumor cells can boost the body's production of antibodies or immune cells (T lymphocytes). Extract the attenuated tuberculosis bacteria, which are known to increase the immune response, has been successful when implanted into the bladder to prevent the recurrence of bladder tumors.
Monoclonal antibody therapy involves the use of antibodies generated experimentally to make specific proteins on the surface of cancer cells as targets. Trastuzumab is one of the antibodies, which attack the HER-2/neu receptor present on the surface of cancer cells in 25% of women with breast cancer. Trastuzumab enhance the effects of chemotherapy drugs. Rituximab is highly effective in treating lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Rituximab associated with radioactive isotopes could be used to deliver radiation directly to lymphoma cells. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, an antibody and a combination drug, is effective in some people with chronic myelocytic leukemia.
Biologic response modifiers improve the ability of the immune system to find and destroy cancer cells, such as by stimulating normal cell to produce a chemical messenger (mediator). Interferon (of which there are several types) is the best-known and very widely used biologic response modifiers. Almost all human cells produce interferon naturally, but can also be made through biotechnology. Although the precise mechanism of the action is not completely clear, interferon has tasks in the treatment of several cancers, such as Kaposi's sarcoma and malignant melanoma. Interleukin 2, which resulted in certain white blood cells, can also help cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma in the kidney.
Immunotherapy is used to stimulate the immune system against cancer. For example, a vaccine composed of antigens derived from tumor cells can boost the body's production of antibodies or immune cells (T lymphocytes). Extract the attenuated tuberculosis bacteria, which are known to increase the immune response, has been successful when implanted into the bladder to prevent the recurrence of bladder tumors.
Monoclonal antibody therapy involves the use of antibodies generated experimentally to make specific proteins on the surface of cancer cells as targets. Trastuzumab is one of the antibodies, which attack the HER-2/neu receptor present on the surface of cancer cells in 25% of women with breast cancer. Trastuzumab enhance the effects of chemotherapy drugs. Rituximab is highly effective in treating lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Rituximab associated with radioactive isotopes could be used to deliver radiation directly to lymphoma cells. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, an antibody and a combination drug, is effective in some people with chronic myelocytic leukemia.
Biologic response modifiers improve the ability of the immune system to find and destroy cancer cells, such as by stimulating normal cell to produce a chemical messenger (mediator). Interferon (of which there are several types) is the best-known and very widely used biologic response modifiers. Almost all human cells produce interferon naturally, but can also be made through biotechnology. Although the precise mechanism of the action is not completely clear, interferon has tasks in the treatment of several cancers, such as Kaposi's sarcoma and malignant melanoma. Interleukin 2, which resulted in certain white blood cells, can also help cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma in the kidney.
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