DEFINITION
Growth of benign (non-cancerous, benign) and malignant growth (cancer, malignant) can be derived from different tissues in and around the mouth, including the bones, muscles and nerves. Cancers that originate from the lining of the mouth or the so-called surface tissue carcinoma, a cancer that originates from a deeper jariangan called sarcomas.
Although rare, cancer is found in the mouth can come from other parts of the body, especially the lungs, breast and prostate. Cancer with less than 1 cm in diameter can usually be treated easily. But most cancers are not diagnosed until the cancer has spread to lymph nodes jaw and neck. Since the late discovery of this cancer, then 25% of oral cancers are fatal.
CAUSE
Highest risk was found in alcohol drinkers and tobacco smokers. Approximately two-thirds of oral cancers occur in men. Cigarette smoking is more likely to cause oral cancer than smoking a cigar or through pipes. Spotting smokers (a flat brown spots) may appear on the side where a cigarette or pipe is usually placed on the lips. With a biopsy, can determine whether it is malignant spots or not.
Repeated irritation due to the sharp edges of broken teeth, fillings or dentures can be an additional risk for oral cancer. People who have had oral cancer have a higher risk of developing other cancers.
SYMPTOMS
Oral cancer most likely to occur at the edges of the tongue, floor of the mouth and the soft palate (the back part of the roof of the mouth). Cancer of the tongue and floor of the mouth is usually a squamous cell carcinoma. Kaposi's sarcoma is a cancer of the blood vessels close to the skin. Kaposi's sarcoma is often found in the mouth (usually on the roof of the mouth) with AIDS.
In people who chew tobacco and tobacco smoke, the inside of the cheeks and lips are often found cancer. This cancer is a slow-growing carcinoma verukosa. Melanoma is a cancer that usually occurs in the skin, and are less common in the mouth.
An area in the mouth that turn into brown or darker than normal may be a melanoma and should be seen by a physician or dentist. Melanoma should be distinguished from pigmented areas are normally found in the mouth, which often occurs in some families, and especially in the Mediterranean people and black people.
- Tongue
In the early stages, tongue cancer is not painful and is usually found on routine dental examination. Cancer usually grows at the edge of the tongue. Almost never in the tongue but in someone who has had syphilis untreated for several years. Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue often look like open sores (ulcers) and tend to grow into the underlying tissues.
Erythroplakia (red areas in the mouth) is a sign of cancer. Someone with erythroplakia on the edge of his tongue should immediately see a doctor or dentist.
- Basic Mouth
In the early stages, cancer of the mouth is not painful and is usually found on routine dental examination. Cancer of the mouth is usually a squamous cell carcinoma, which looks like an open wound and tend to grow into the underlying structures.
Anyone who has reddish spots (erythroplakia) at the bottom of his mouth, should immediately see a doctor or dentist because it could be an indication of the presence of cancer.
- Soft palate
Cancer of the soft palate can be a squamous cell carcinoma or cancer that starts in the minor salivary gland in the soft palate. Squamous cell carcinoma often looks like an open wound. Cancer that starts in the minor salivary glands usually appear as a small swelling.
- Layers Mouth
If the inner layer of a moist mouth (oral mucosa) become irritated for a long time, can form a flat white patches (leukoplakia). The white spots due to a thickening of the keratin layer, the material that covers the outer layer of the skin and in normal circumstances present in an amount that is not too much in the oral mucosa.
Unlike other white patches in the mouth (due to buildup of food, bacteria or fungi), leukoplakia can not be cleaned. Most of the leukoplakia is a response to protect against further injury. But in the process of formation of this protective cover, some cells can become malignant. Instead, erythroplakia (reddish spots in the mouth) is a result of the depletion of mucous membranes. These areas appear reddish because the capillaries (tiny blood vessels) under more visible.
Erythroplakia more a sign of cancer worse than leukoplakia. Someone with red patches in the mouth should immediately see a doctor or dentist. Ulcer is a hole formed in the mucosa when the top layer of mucous cells were destroyed and damaged, so that the underlying tissue visible. An ulcer appears white because the cells that die in the pit.
Mouth ulcers often occur due to injury or irritation of the tissue, for example, if inadvertently the inside of the cheek bitten or scratched. Another cause is thrush and irritant substances, such as smoked aspirin on the gums. Always benign ulcer pain. An ulcer that does not hurt and settled for more than 10 days may be pre-cancerous or cancerous and should be examined by a doctor or dentist. In a person who has a habit of chewing tobacco or tobacco smoke, white bumps can occur on the inner cheek. These bumps may develop into squamous verukosa.
- Gums
A lump or protrusion on gum is not something that makes us wary. If the cause is not a periodontal abscess or dental abscess, may be a non-cancerous growth caused by irritation.
Non-cancerous growths are relatively frequent and, if necessary, usually removed easily through pembdahan. In 10-40% of patients, non-cancerous growth of these recurring irritation persists. If the cause of irritation is the lack of proper dentures located, it should be repaired or replaced.
- Lips
Lips (especially the lower lip), the site of damage due to sunlight (actinic keilosis), so lips look chapped and red, white or a mix of red and white. To determine whether these spots are malignant or not, can do a biopsy.
Cancer in the outer lip is more common in hot climates. Cancer of the lips or the mouth often feels hard as a rock and stick to the underlying tissue, while non-cancerous lumps in this area can be moved. Abnormalities of the upper lip is less common than the lower lip, but it is more likely to be malignant and require medical attention.
Chewing or sucking on tobacco, can grow white bumps on the inside lip. These lumps can grow into squamous verukosa.
- Salivary Glands
Salivary gland tumors may be benign and malignant. Tumors can occur in one of the three pairs of major salivary glands:
- Parotid gland (at the edge of the face, in front of the ear)
- Submandibuler glands (under the jaw edge)
- Sublingual gland (at the base of the mouth, in front of the tongue).
Tumors can also occur in the minor salivary glands scattered throughout most of the oral mucosa. Growth in the early stages may not be painful. Malignant tumors tend to grow rapidly and palpable hard.
- Jaws
Different types of non-cancerous cysts cause pain and swelling of the jaw. These cysts are often grown alongside the experienced wisdom teeth impacted (trapped in the jaws so it can not grow out) and although not malignant, cysts can damage a number of jaw bone area. Certain types of cysts tend to be recurrent.
Odontoma is a non-cancerous growth of the cells forming the teeth that looked like a small gear changing shape. Odontoma could take the place of the normal teething or inhibit the growth of normal teeth, so it is often removed surgically.
Jaw cancer often causes pain and numbness. X-rays are not always able to distinguish cancer from cysts, bone growth in non-cancer or cancer that has spread from elsewhere in the body. X-rays usually show an irregular edge of jaw cancer and may indicate that the cancer has undermined the roots of nearby teeth. Biopsy is performed to confirm the diagnosis of cancer of the jaw.
TREATMENT
Avoiding sunlight reduces the risk of lip cancer. Avoid excessive alcohol and tobacco, can prevent almost all oral cancers. Other prevention are the edges of a broken tooth or a patch. Anti-oxidant vitamins (vitamin C and E, beta-carotene) providing additional protection.
If the damage due to the sun on a wide lip area, lip shaving can be done, where the outermost layer of lip selurah removed, either by surgery or by laser, to prevent the development of cancer. The success of treatment of cancer of the mouth and lips are very dependent on how far the cancer has progressed. Oral cancers rarely spread to distant areas of the body but tend to creep into the head and neck.
If all the cancer and normal tissue around the cancer removed before the cancer spreads to the lymph nodes, the high recovery rate. If the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, rare healing. At surgery, in addition to the cancer of the mouth, also raised the lymph nodes under the jaw and in the back and along the neck.
Patients with cancer of the mouth or throat may undergo radiation therapy and surgery or radiation alone only. Radiation therapy often damage the salivary glands and cause a dry mouth sufferers, which can lead to cavitation (dental caries) and other dental problems.
Jawbone exposed to radiation will not heal properly, therefore treatable dental problems prior to radiation therapy. Teeth that are suspected to cause a problem, it should be repealed. Oral hygiene is essential for patients who have undergone radiation therapy for oral cancer. Gains from chemotherapy is very limited. The main therapy is surgery and radiation.
Growth of benign (non-cancerous, benign) and malignant growth (cancer, malignant) can be derived from different tissues in and around the mouth, including the bones, muscles and nerves. Cancers that originate from the lining of the mouth or the so-called surface tissue carcinoma, a cancer that originates from a deeper jariangan called sarcomas.
Although rare, cancer is found in the mouth can come from other parts of the body, especially the lungs, breast and prostate. Cancer with less than 1 cm in diameter can usually be treated easily. But most cancers are not diagnosed until the cancer has spread to lymph nodes jaw and neck. Since the late discovery of this cancer, then 25% of oral cancers are fatal.
CAUSE
Highest risk was found in alcohol drinkers and tobacco smokers. Approximately two-thirds of oral cancers occur in men. Cigarette smoking is more likely to cause oral cancer than smoking a cigar or through pipes. Spotting smokers (a flat brown spots) may appear on the side where a cigarette or pipe is usually placed on the lips. With a biopsy, can determine whether it is malignant spots or not.
Repeated irritation due to the sharp edges of broken teeth, fillings or dentures can be an additional risk for oral cancer. People who have had oral cancer have a higher risk of developing other cancers.
SYMPTOMS
Oral cancer most likely to occur at the edges of the tongue, floor of the mouth and the soft palate (the back part of the roof of the mouth). Cancer of the tongue and floor of the mouth is usually a squamous cell carcinoma. Kaposi's sarcoma is a cancer of the blood vessels close to the skin. Kaposi's sarcoma is often found in the mouth (usually on the roof of the mouth) with AIDS.
In people who chew tobacco and tobacco smoke, the inside of the cheeks and lips are often found cancer. This cancer is a slow-growing carcinoma verukosa. Melanoma is a cancer that usually occurs in the skin, and are less common in the mouth.
An area in the mouth that turn into brown or darker than normal may be a melanoma and should be seen by a physician or dentist. Melanoma should be distinguished from pigmented areas are normally found in the mouth, which often occurs in some families, and especially in the Mediterranean people and black people.
- Tongue
In the early stages, tongue cancer is not painful and is usually found on routine dental examination. Cancer usually grows at the edge of the tongue. Almost never in the tongue but in someone who has had syphilis untreated for several years. Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue often look like open sores (ulcers) and tend to grow into the underlying tissues.
Erythroplakia (red areas in the mouth) is a sign of cancer. Someone with erythroplakia on the edge of his tongue should immediately see a doctor or dentist.
- Basic Mouth
In the early stages, cancer of the mouth is not painful and is usually found on routine dental examination. Cancer of the mouth is usually a squamous cell carcinoma, which looks like an open wound and tend to grow into the underlying structures.
Anyone who has reddish spots (erythroplakia) at the bottom of his mouth, should immediately see a doctor or dentist because it could be an indication of the presence of cancer.
- Soft palate
Cancer of the soft palate can be a squamous cell carcinoma or cancer that starts in the minor salivary gland in the soft palate. Squamous cell carcinoma often looks like an open wound. Cancer that starts in the minor salivary glands usually appear as a small swelling.
- Layers Mouth
If the inner layer of a moist mouth (oral mucosa) become irritated for a long time, can form a flat white patches (leukoplakia). The white spots due to a thickening of the keratin layer, the material that covers the outer layer of the skin and in normal circumstances present in an amount that is not too much in the oral mucosa.
Unlike other white patches in the mouth (due to buildup of food, bacteria or fungi), leukoplakia can not be cleaned. Most of the leukoplakia is a response to protect against further injury. But in the process of formation of this protective cover, some cells can become malignant. Instead, erythroplakia (reddish spots in the mouth) is a result of the depletion of mucous membranes. These areas appear reddish because the capillaries (tiny blood vessels) under more visible.
Erythroplakia more a sign of cancer worse than leukoplakia. Someone with red patches in the mouth should immediately see a doctor or dentist. Ulcer is a hole formed in the mucosa when the top layer of mucous cells were destroyed and damaged, so that the underlying tissue visible. An ulcer appears white because the cells that die in the pit.
Mouth ulcers often occur due to injury or irritation of the tissue, for example, if inadvertently the inside of the cheek bitten or scratched. Another cause is thrush and irritant substances, such as smoked aspirin on the gums. Always benign ulcer pain. An ulcer that does not hurt and settled for more than 10 days may be pre-cancerous or cancerous and should be examined by a doctor or dentist. In a person who has a habit of chewing tobacco or tobacco smoke, white bumps can occur on the inner cheek. These bumps may develop into squamous verukosa.
- Gums
A lump or protrusion on gum is not something that makes us wary. If the cause is not a periodontal abscess or dental abscess, may be a non-cancerous growth caused by irritation.
Non-cancerous growths are relatively frequent and, if necessary, usually removed easily through pembdahan. In 10-40% of patients, non-cancerous growth of these recurring irritation persists. If the cause of irritation is the lack of proper dentures located, it should be repaired or replaced.
- Lips
Lips (especially the lower lip), the site of damage due to sunlight (actinic keilosis), so lips look chapped and red, white or a mix of red and white. To determine whether these spots are malignant or not, can do a biopsy.
Cancer in the outer lip is more common in hot climates. Cancer of the lips or the mouth often feels hard as a rock and stick to the underlying tissue, while non-cancerous lumps in this area can be moved. Abnormalities of the upper lip is less common than the lower lip, but it is more likely to be malignant and require medical attention.
Chewing or sucking on tobacco, can grow white bumps on the inside lip. These lumps can grow into squamous verukosa.
- Salivary Glands
Salivary gland tumors may be benign and malignant. Tumors can occur in one of the three pairs of major salivary glands:
- Parotid gland (at the edge of the face, in front of the ear)
- Submandibuler glands (under the jaw edge)
- Sublingual gland (at the base of the mouth, in front of the tongue).
Tumors can also occur in the minor salivary glands scattered throughout most of the oral mucosa. Growth in the early stages may not be painful. Malignant tumors tend to grow rapidly and palpable hard.
- Jaws
Different types of non-cancerous cysts cause pain and swelling of the jaw. These cysts are often grown alongside the experienced wisdom teeth impacted (trapped in the jaws so it can not grow out) and although not malignant, cysts can damage a number of jaw bone area. Certain types of cysts tend to be recurrent.
Odontoma is a non-cancerous growth of the cells forming the teeth that looked like a small gear changing shape. Odontoma could take the place of the normal teething or inhibit the growth of normal teeth, so it is often removed surgically.
Jaw cancer often causes pain and numbness. X-rays are not always able to distinguish cancer from cysts, bone growth in non-cancer or cancer that has spread from elsewhere in the body. X-rays usually show an irregular edge of jaw cancer and may indicate that the cancer has undermined the roots of nearby teeth. Biopsy is performed to confirm the diagnosis of cancer of the jaw.
TREATMENT
Avoiding sunlight reduces the risk of lip cancer. Avoid excessive alcohol and tobacco, can prevent almost all oral cancers. Other prevention are the edges of a broken tooth or a patch. Anti-oxidant vitamins (vitamin C and E, beta-carotene) providing additional protection.
If the damage due to the sun on a wide lip area, lip shaving can be done, where the outermost layer of lip selurah removed, either by surgery or by laser, to prevent the development of cancer. The success of treatment of cancer of the mouth and lips are very dependent on how far the cancer has progressed. Oral cancers rarely spread to distant areas of the body but tend to creep into the head and neck.
If all the cancer and normal tissue around the cancer removed before the cancer spreads to the lymph nodes, the high recovery rate. If the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, rare healing. At surgery, in addition to the cancer of the mouth, also raised the lymph nodes under the jaw and in the back and along the neck.
Patients with cancer of the mouth or throat may undergo radiation therapy and surgery or radiation alone only. Radiation therapy often damage the salivary glands and cause a dry mouth sufferers, which can lead to cavitation (dental caries) and other dental problems.
Jawbone exposed to radiation will not heal properly, therefore treatable dental problems prior to radiation therapy. Teeth that are suspected to cause a problem, it should be repealed. Oral hygiene is essential for patients who have undergone radiation therapy for oral cancer. Gains from chemotherapy is very limited. The main therapy is surgery and radiation.
No comments:
Post a Comment